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of motivation became popular during the 1940s and 1950s as a way to explain behavior, learning, and motivation. The theory was created by behaviorist Clark Hull and further developed by his collaborator Kenneth Spence.This concept is commonly referred to as the Yerkes-Dodson Law. The law states that increased levels of arousal will improve performance, but only up until the optimum arousal level is reached.In early psychoanalytic theory, Freud proposed that the life drive was opposed by the forces of the ego, the organized, logic-driven part of a person’s psyche that mediates desires. Later, he maintained that the life drive or Eros was opposed by a self-destructive death instinct, later known as Thanatos.
Who is the theorist of arousal theory?
This concept is commonly referred to as the Yerkes-Dodson Law. The law states that increased levels of arousal will improve performance, but only up until the optimum arousal level is reached.
What is Freud’s drive theory?
In early psychoanalytic theory, Freud proposed that the life drive was opposed by the forces of the ego, the organized, logic-driven part of a person’s psyche that mediates desires. Later, he maintained that the life drive or Eros was opposed by a self-destructive death instinct, later known as Thanatos.
Instincts, Arousal, Needs, Drives: Drive-Reduction and Cognitive Theories | MCAT | Khan Academy
Images related to the topicInstincts, Arousal, Needs, Drives: Drive-Reduction and Cognitive Theories | MCAT | Khan Academy
What is Zajonc’s drive theory?
Zajonc’s drive theory postulates that arousal enhanced through the perception of the presence of other individuals plays a crucial role in social facilitation (Zajonc, 1965).
Who suggested that there is an optimal level of arousal?
Research shows that moderate arousal is generally best; when arousal (stress) is very high or very low, performance tends to suffer. The Yerkes–Dodson law is an empirical relationship between arousal and performance, originally developed by psychologists Robert M. Yerkes and John Dillingham Dodson in 1908.
What is the Schachter Singer theory?
the theory that experiencing and identifying emotional states are functions of both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretations of the physical state. Also called attribution of emotion; cognitive arousal theory of emotion; Schachter theory; two-factor theory of emotion.
What is arousal theory and the Yerkes-Dodson law?
The Yerkes-Dodson law is the theory that there’s an optimal level of arousal that results in optimal performance. Too little arousal doesn’t provide much in the way of motivation. Too much arousal causes a stronger stress reaction that can hamper performance.
What is Lazarus theory?
Lazarus Theory states that a thought must come before any emotion or physiological arousal. In other words, you must first think about your situation before you can experience an emotion.
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Theories About Motivation | Introduction to Psychology
This relationship is known as Yerkes-Dodson law, which holds that a simple task is performed best when arousal levels are relatively high and complex tasks are …
Arousal Theory of Motivation: Definition, Examples, and Impact
The arousal theory of motivation suggests that people are driven to perform actions in order to maintain an optimum level of physiological arousal.
Theories About Motivation – General Psychology – UCF …
Just as drive theory aims to return the body to homeostasis, arousal theory aims to find the optimal level of arousal. If we are underaroused, we become bored …
Drive-Reduction Theory and Human Behavior – Simply …
Drive-reduction theory is founded in behaviourist principles to explain behaviour. The key concepts of behaviourism include arousal, homeostasis …
What is LeDoux theory?
Emotions are a cognitive process that relies on “higher-order states” embedded in cortical (conscious) brain circuits; emotions are not innately programmed into subcortical (nonconscious) brain circuits, according to a potentially earth-shattering new paper by Joseph LeDoux and Richard Brown.
Who developed the drive theory of social facilitation?
According to R. B. Zajonc’s (1965) drive theory of social facilitation, the mere presence of others increases arousal and, thereby, the frequency of dominant responses (i.e., responses with the greatest habit strength).
What is Albert Bandura’s theory of personality?
Social learning theory, proposed by Albert Bandura, emphasizes the importance of observing, modelling, and imitating the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Social learning theory considers how both environmental and cognitive factors interact to influence human learning and behavior.
Theories of Arousal
Images related to the topicTheories of Arousal
Who discovered the Yerkes-Dodson law?
The law was first described in 1908 by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dillingham Dodson. 2 They discovered that mild electrical shocks could be used to motivate rats to complete a maze, but when the electrical shocks became too strong, the rats would scurry around in random directions to escape.
What is drive theory in psychology?
Drive theory is based on the principle that organisms are born with certain psychological needs and that a negative state of tension is created when these needs are not satisfied. When a need is satisfied, drive is reduced and the organism returns to a state of homeostasis and relaxation.
What is James-Lange theory of emotion?
James-Lange theory of emotion (1880s) proposed that bodily changes come first and form the basis of an emotional experience. Thus, emotions are caused by bodily sensations (you become happier when you smile, you are afraid because you run).
What do the James-Lange and Schachter Singer theories have in common?
Both theories say you experience the arousal first and then the emotion. What do the James-Lange and Schachter-Singer theories have in common? That’s correct! The Schacter-Singer theory says we experience arousal and then, depending on the situation we are in, connect it with an emotion.
What is the difference between James-Lange theory and two-factor theory?
The James-Lange theory proposes the emotion is the result of arousal. Schachter and Singer’s two-factor model proposes that arousal and cognition combine to create emotion.
What is an example of the Cannon-Bard theory?
What is this? The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion states that stimulating events trigger feelings and physical reactions that occur at the same time. For example, seeing a snake might prompt both the feeling of fear (an emotional response) and a racing heartbeat (a physical reaction).
Who believed that behavior was driven by instincts?
(a) William James proposed the instinct theory of motivation, asserting that behavior is driven by instincts.
What is drive reduction theory?
psychologist Clark Hull proposed a drive-reduction theory of learning. In its simplest form, the theory claimed that no learning occurred unless a drive produced tension and impelled the organism into activity to procure a reward that would reduce the drive and satisfy its related physiological need.
What is Lazarus and Folkman theory?
According to Lazarus and Folkman (1984), “psychological stress is a particular relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as taxing or exceeding his or her resources and endangering his or her well-being” (Lazarus and Folkman, 1984, p. 19).
Theories of Arousal
Images related to the topicTheories of Arousal
Who is Richard Lazarus?
Richard Lazarus, a distinguished scholar, researcher and professor emeritus of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, died on November 24, 2002, following a fall in his home. Born March 3, 1922 in New York City, Professor Lazarus graduated from the City College of New York in 1942.
What did Richard Lazarus believe in?
Lazarus advocated the importance of emotion, especially what he described as the marriage between emotion and thought. His views put him at odds not only with behaviorism but also with a movement that began toward the end of his career: attempts to explain all human behavior by looking at the structure of the brain.
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